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JIM RICHARDSON

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JIM RICHARDSON

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  • The long beach and cliffs at Mangersta on the west coat of the Isle of Lewis are dramatic for their sheer cliffs and rugged sea stacks.  Seen here at sunset. To buy this print click on the SHOPPING CART below.
    MM7701_20080629_5744.jpg
  • Seed from the Kew Millennium Seed Bank collection at Wakehurst, outside London in the UK.  <br />
<br />
<br />
Sophora secundiflora (Fabaceae) - Texas mountain laurel, mescal bean; native to North America (Texas, New Mexico, northern Mexico)<br />
The hard, fibrous and indehiscent camaras of the Texas mountain laurel (Sophora secundiflora, Fabaceae-Papilionoideae) appear to be adapted to dispersal by large herbivorous mammals such as antelopes. However, most of the potential dispersers in North America would have died out c. 13.000 years ago, at the end of the last ice age. The only native antelope in the southern US is the pronghorn (Antilocapra americana). Observations as to whether the pronghorn does eat the fruits of the Texas mountain laurel seem to be missing. The very hard and shiny seeds of the Texas mountain laurel are coloured bright red, a characteristic that generally indicated 'fraudulent' bird-dispersal ('fruit mimicry'). However, since the fruits are very hard and indehiscent, the conspicuous colour of the seeds is hard to explain from an adaptational point of view. Perhaps their colour is part of a two-stage dispersal mechanism, tricking birds into picking the seeds from the faeces of megafaunal herbivores.<br />
interesting weblinks:<br />
http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=sose3: Sophora secundiflora is very popular as a native evergreen ornamental tree within its range, valued for its handsome, dark green foliage and lush early spring blooms. It is drought-tolerant, prefers rocky limestone soil, and is native from central Texas west to New Mexico and south to San Luis Potosi in Mexico. Like many woody plants native to rocky soils, it is slow growing. The fragrance of Texas mountain laurel flowers is reminiscent of artificial grape products.
    MM7753_2010-07-23_11949.jpg
  • Seed from the Kew Millennium Seed Bank collection at Wakehurst, outside London in the UK.  <br />
<br />
<br />
Sophora secundiflora (Fabaceae) - Texas mountain laurel, mescal bean; native to North America (Texas, New Mexico, northern Mexico)<br />
The hard, fibrous and indehiscent camaras of the Texas mountain laurel (Sophora secundiflora, Fabaceae-Papilionoideae) appear to be adapted to dispersal by large herbivorous mammals such as antelopes. However, most of the potential dispersers in North America would have died out c. 13.000 years ago, at the end of the last ice age. The only native antelope in the southern US is the pronghorn (Antilocapra americana). Observations as to whether the pronghorn does eat the fruits of the Texas mountain laurel seem to be missing. The very hard and shiny seeds of the Texas mountain laurel are coloured bright red, a characteristic that generally indicated 'fraudulent' bird-dispersal ('fruit mimicry'). However, since the fruits are very hard and indehiscent, the conspicuous colour of the seeds is hard to explain from an adaptational point of view. Perhaps their colour is part of a two-stage dispersal mechanism, tricking birds into picking the seeds from the faeces of megafaunal herbivores.<br />
interesting weblinks:<br />
http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=sose3: Sophora secundiflora is very popular as a native evergreen ornamental tree within its range, valued for its handsome, dark green foliage and lush early spring blooms. It is drought-tolerant, prefers rocky limestone soil, and is native from central Texas west to New Mexico and south to San Luis Potosi in Mexico. Like many woody plants native to rocky soils, it is slow growing. The fragrance of Texas mountain laurel flowers is reminiscent of artificial grape products. The brilliant, lacquer red seeds were valued by indigenous people for ornament and ceremonial use; they contain the highly poisonous alkaloid cytosine (or sophorine), a substance related to nicotine and widely cited as a narcot
    MM7753_2010-07-23_11949.jpg
  • Bannatyne MacLeod working sheep on his croft on the Isle of Harris, Scotland Island crofters survived by being adaptable and dogged, doing everything from farming to fishing to herding sheep to make a living. Generations of his MacLeods have worked these rocky hills before  Bannatyne MacLeod took over the farm.
    MM7189 20050523 27462.jpg
  • Sheep gathering and sorting in a fank with Bannatyne MacLeod and is wife Jessie on their croft at Cluer on the Isle of Harris, Scotland.  Crofters are small tennant farmers who scrape a precarious living out of the edges of Scotland's lands. This area of Harris is a very rocky example of the rugged lands where crofters farm.
    MM8321_20161015_32901.jpg
  • Sheep gathering and sorting in a fank with Bannatyne MacLeod and is wife Jessie on their croft at Cluer on the Isle of Harris, Scotland.  Crofters are small tennant farmers who scrape a precarious living out of the edges of Scotland's lands. This area of Harris is a very rocky example of the rugged lands where crofters farm.
    MM8321_20161015_32729.jpg
  • Denbigh Castle (Welsh: Castell Dinbych) was a fortress built following the 13th-century conquest of Wales by Edward I.<br />
The castle, which stands on a rocky promontory above the Welsh market town of Denbigh, Denbighshire, was built upon an earlier Welsh stronghold. It was defended by a unique triple-towered gateway.
    Wales Castles 2005 0493.jpg
  • Stone fence runs straight over the rocky outcrop in the Flint Hills in the Beaumont area, generally north and east of Wichita.
    MM7469_060518_03995.jpg
  • Sheep gathering and sorting in a fank with Bannatyne MacLeod and is wife Jessie on their croft at Cluer on the Isle of Harris, Scotland.  Crofters are small tennant farmers who scrape a precarious living out of the edges of Scotland's lands. This area of Harris is a very rocky example of the rugged lands where crofters farm.
    MM8321_20161015_33229.jpg
  • Sheep gathering and sorting in a fank with Bannatyne MacLeod and is wife Jessie on their croft at Cluer on the Isle of Harris, Scotland.  Crofters are small tennant farmers who scrape a precarious living out of the edges of Scotland's lands. This area of Harris is a very rocky example of the rugged lands where crofters farm.
    MM8321_20161015_32690.jpg
  • Sheep gathering and sorting in a fank with Bannatyne MacLeod and is wife Jessie on their croft at Cluer on the Isle of Harris, Scotland.  Crofters are small tennant farmers who scrape a precarious living out of the edges of Scotland's lands. This area of Harris is a very rocky example of the rugged lands where crofters farm.
    MM8321_20161015_32719.jpg
  • Denver lit up at night with glow of light pollution, as seen from the foothills of the Rockie Mountains.
    MM7509_20080319_0022-B.jpg