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54 images Created 19 Jun 2017

SCOTLAND: Neolithic Orkney

Neolithic Orkney displays wonders ofthe Stone Age world at the beginning of the agricultural revolution -- in abundance. Stone circles include the Ring of Brodgar and Stones of Stenness, there are many burial tombs such as Maeshowe, whole Stone Age villages like Skara Brae and the Ness of Brodgar. Small wonder it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Photographed by National Geographic photographer Jim Richardson on multiple assignments over twenty five years.
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  • The Ring of Brodgar is a neolithic henge monument with a stone circle in Orkney, Scotland. It is over 300 feed in diameter and of the original 60 stones 27 remained standing into the 20th Century.  It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney. It is thought to have been erected between 3,000 and 2,000 BCE.
    MM7902_20130822_36597.jpg
  • Neolithic Orkney featured in National Geographic. The Standing Stones of Stenness on the cover.
    AUG_NGM_COVER.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120731_00996.jpg
  • The Ring of Brodgar is a neolithic henge monument with a stone circle in Orkney, Scotland. It is over 300 feed in diameter and of the original 60 stones 27 remained standing into the 20th Century.  It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney. It is thought to have been erected between 3,000 and 2,000 BCE.
    MM7902_20130806_13165.jpg
  • The Links of Noltland is the site of a major archeological dig by Historic Scotland, as they try to research and preserve the site that is under threat from the winds blowing off the nearby beach on the island of Westray. The site had major occupation for several thousand years, from the neolithic to the bronze and iron ages.
    MM7902_20130814_25868.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_20130819_34779.jpg
  • The Links of Noltland is the site of a major archeological dig by Historic Scotland, as they try to research and preserve the site that is under threat from the winds blowing off the nearby beach on the island of Westray. The site had major occupation for several thousand years, from the neolithic to the bronze and iron ages.
    MM7902_20130814_26632.jpg
  • Maeshowe is the classic Orkney chambered tomb of Neolithic origins, dating from around 3,000 BCE. It is the largest of the tombs on Orkney, set on a raised earthen platform surround by a ditch, and incorporating previous standing stones into the chamber construction. It's setting in the midst of agricultural land reflects the Neolithic tansition to agriculture. Maeshowe is a World Heritage Site.
    Maeshow Pan 1B.jpg
  • The Knap of Howar on the small island of Papa Westray is the oldest house in Northern Europe, predating even the village of Skara Brae on the nearby Mainland of Orkney, Scotland.  The two side-by-side dwellings are in a remarkable state of preservation, reflecting daily life in the Neolithic era.
    MM7902_20130811_23100-Edit.jpg
  • The Pierowall Stone was a lintel on a now-lost burial cairn in Westray, Orkney, Scotland. It was found in pieces at a quarry after the tomb had been unknowingly destroyed.
    MM7902_20130813_25612.jpg
  • Artifacts from the Links of Noltland site in Westray, Orkney, Scotland. The Links of Noltland is the site of a major archeological dig by Historic Scotland, as they try to research and preserve the site that is under threat from the winds blowing off the nearby beach on the island of Westray. The site had major occupation for several thousand years, from the neolithic to the bronze and iron ages.
    MM7902_20130813_25595.jpg
  • Artifacts from the Links of Noltland site in Westray, Orkney, Scotland. The Links of Noltland is the site of a major archeological dig by Historic Scotland, as they try to research and preserve the site that is under threat from the winds blowing off the nearby beach on the island of Westray. The site had major occupation for several thousand years, from the neolithic to the bronze and iron ages.
    MM7902_20130813_25551.jpg
  • Artifacts from the Links of Noltland site in Westray, Orkney, Scotland. The Links of Noltland is the site of a major archeological dig by Historic Scotland, as they try to research and preserve the site that is under threat from the winds blowing off the nearby beach on the island of Westray. The site had major occupation for several thousand years, from the neolithic to the bronze and iron ages.
    MM7902_20130813_25523_v2.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_20130822_37308.jpg
  • The islands of Orkney Scotland sprawl across the North Sea, a convoluted combination of low land, beaches, and tidal flats which are in constant flux. The seas between the islands is generally very shallow so that the actual landscape of the Neolithic era may well have been much different, depending on the rapidly rising sea level. For the last five thousand years they have remained in motion, their outlines changing decade by decade.
    MM7902_20130805_12482_v2.jpg
  • The Links of Noltland is the site of a major archeological dig by Historic Scotland, as they try to research and preserve the site that is under threat from the winds blowing off the nearby beach on the island of Westray. The site had major occupation for several thousand years, from the neolithic to the bronze and iron ages.
    MM7902_20130812_23900.jpg
  • The Links of Noltland is the site of a major archeological dig by Historic Scotland, as they try to research and preserve the site that is under threat from the winds blowing off the nearby beach on the island of Westray. The site had major occupation for several thousand years, from the neolithic to the bronze and iron ages.
    MM7902_20130812_23832.jpg
  • The islands of Orkney Scotland sprawl across the North Sea, a convoluted combination of low land, beaches, and tidal flats which are in constant flux. The seas between the islands is generally very shallow so that the actual landscape of the Neolithic era may well have been much different, depending on the rapidly rising sea level. For the last five thousand years they have remained in motion, their outlines changing decade by decade.
    MM7902_20130805_12585-Edit.jpg
  • The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_20120815_09037.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_20130819_34798.jpg
  • The Links of Noltland is the site of a major archeological dig by Historic Scotland, as they try to research and preserve the site that is under threat from the winds blowing off the nearby beach on the island of Westray. The site had major occupation for several thousand years, from the neolithic to the bronze and iron ages.
    MM7902_20130811_23201-Edit.jpg
  • The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120808_04793 (1).jpg
  • The beautiful Rackwick Valley and beach on Hoy are some of the most dramatic scenery in the Orkney Islands of Scotland. The wide beach is strewn with massive stones, polished round by the unrelenting sea.
    MM7902_20130809_15925.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_20130818_34665.jpg
  • The Watchstone stands at the end of the bridge that connects Stenness with the Ness of Brodgar. Part of the ancient neolithic landscape of Orkney and roughly contemporary with the other standing stones nearby.
    MM7902_20130807_13932.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_20130819_34774.jpg
  • Artifacts from the Ness of Brodgar dig site in Orkney, Scotland. The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_20130807_13643.jpg
  • Artifacts from the Ness of Brodgar dig site in Orkney, Scotland. The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_20130807_13576.jpg
  • Located on at cliff edge at Isbister on South Ronaldsay in Orkney, Scotland, the Tomb of the Eagles is a Neolithic chambered tomb. 16,000 human bones were found at the site, as well as 725 from birds, mostly sea eagles. Discovered and excavated by farmer Ronald Simison.
    MM7902_20120814_08688.jpg
  • The Ring of Brodgar is a neolithic henge monument with a stone circle in Orkney, Scotland. It is over 300 feed in diameter and of the original 60 stones 27 remained standing into the 20th Century.  It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney. It is thought to have been erected between 3,000 and 2,000 BCE.
    MM7902_20130806_13214.jpg
  • The islands of Orkney Scotland sprawl across the North Sea, a convoluted combination of low land, beaches, and tidal flats which are in constant flux. The seas between the islands is generally very shallow so that the actual landscape of the Neolithic era may well have been much different, depending on the rapidly rising sea level. For the last five thousand years they have remained in motion, their outlines changing decade by decade.
    MM7902_20130805_13004-Edit.jpg
  • The islands of Orkney Scotland sprawl across the North Sea, a convoluted combination of low land, beaches, and tidal flats which are in constant flux. The seas between the islands is generally very shallow so that the actual landscape of the Neolithic era may well have been much different, depending on the rapidly rising sea level. For the last five thousand years they have remained in motion, their outlines changing decade by decade.
    MM7902_20130805_12570-Edit.jpg
  • The Ness of Brodgar is a long, narrow isthmus of land between Loch Harray and Loch Stenness in Orkney, Scotland. It is the site of much of the heritage of the neolithic era in Orkney. The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_20130805_11863.jpg
  • Maeshowe is the classic Orkney chambered tomb of Neolithic origins, dating from around 3,000 BCE. It is the largest of the tombs on Orkney, set on a raised earthen platform surround by a ditch, and incorporating previous standing stones into the chamber construction. It's setting in the midst of agricultural land reflects the Neolithic tansition to agriculture. Maeshowe is a World Heritage Site.
    MM7902_20130805_11766-Edit.jpg
  • The Ness of Brodgar is a long, narrow isthmus of land between Loch Harray and Loch Stenness in Orkney, Scotland. It is the site of much of the heritage of the neolithic era in Orkney. The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_20130805_11716.jpg
  • The Ring of Brodgar is a neolithic henge monument with a stone circle in Orkney, Scotland. It is over 300 feed in diameter and of the original 60 stones 27 remained standing into the 20th Century.  It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney. It is thought to have been erected between 3,000 and 2,000 BCE.
    MM7902_20130804_11649.jpg
  • Maeshowe is the classic Orkney chambered tomb of Neolithic origins, dating from around 3,000 BCE. It is the largest of the tombs on Orkney, set on a raised earthen platform surround by a ditch, and incorporating previous standing stones into the chamber construction. It's setting in the midst of agricultural land reflects the Neolithic tansition to agriculture. Maeshowe is a World Heritage Site.
    MM7902_20120816_09600-HDR-Edit.jpg
  • Midhowe is a large Neolithic chambered cairn located on the south shore of the island of Rousay, Orkney, Scotland. The tomb is a particularly well preserved example of the Orkney-Cromarty type of chambered cairn. Tombs of this type are often referred to as "stalled" cairns due to their distinctive internal structure.
    MM7902_20120817_10178.jpg
  • The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_20120816_09559.jpg
  • The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_20120815_09336.jpg
  • Maeshowe is the classic Orkney chambered tomb of Neolithic origins, dating from around 3,000 BCE. It is the largest of the tombs on Orkney, set on a raised earthen platform surround by a ditch, and incorporating previous standing stones into the chamber construction. It's setting in the midst of agricultural land reflects the Neolithic tansition to agriculture. Maeshowe is a World Heritage Site.
    MM7902_ 20120812_07865-Edit.jpg
  • Orkney potter and ardent student of archeology Andrew Appleby built a turf kilm at the Ness of Brodgar to fire some of the pots he as made using the patterns of Neolithic pottery found at the dig site. Appleby has done extensive research into the materials and methods Neolithic potters could have used to make their pottery. His kiln included the use of Bere barley husks to tamp down the fire, cattle bones to support the pottery and add heat to the fire, and grass to cap the kiln. Red hot pots can be seen emerging from the fires in the evening.
    MM7902_ 20120808_05639.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120806_03890_v1.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120806_03500.jpg
  • The Ring of Brodgar is a neolithic henge monument with a stone circle in Orkney, Scotland. It is over 300 feed in diameter and of the original 60 stones 27 remained standing into the 20th Century.  It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney. It is thought to have been erected between 3,000 and 2,000 BCE.
    MM7902_ 20120806_03336-Edit-Edit.jpg
  • Maeshowe is the classic Orkney chambered tomb of Neolithic origins, dating from around 3,000 BCE. It is the largest of the tombs on Orkney, set on a raised earthen platform surround by a ditch, and incorporating previous standing stones into the chamber construction. It's setting in the midst of agricultural land reflects the Neolithic tansition to agriculture. Maeshowe is a World Heritage Site.
    MM7902_ 20120806_03117-Edit.jpg
  • The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120803_01725.jpg
  • The archeology dig site at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney that is revealing a Neolithic sacred site hitherto unknown. The dig is under the direction of Nick Card from ORCA in Orkney. Large structures are coming to light after several years of digging, revealing a 1,000 year history of occupation and development at the transitional period between hunter/gatherer society and the coming of agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120806_02975.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120802_01630.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120802_01610.jpg
  • Cuween Chambered Cairn is a neolithic burial chamber on Cuween Hill on Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.  It dates from about 3,000 BCE and is similar in design to Maeshowe. It has exquisite stonework reflect great skill of the builder, and contains four side chambers.
    MM7902_ 20120802_01103.jpg
  • The Ring of Brodgar is a neolithic henge monument with a stone circle in Orkney, Scotland. It is over 300 feed in diameter and of the original 60 stones 27 remained standing into the 20th Century.  It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney. It is thought to have been erected between 3,000 and 2,000 BCE.
    MM7902_ 20120730_00265.jpg
  • The Ring of Brodgar is a neolithic henge monument with a stone circle in Orkney, Scotland. It is over 300 feed in diameter and of the original 60 stones 27 remained standing into the 20th Century.  It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney. It is thought to have been erected between 3,000 and 2,000 BCE.
    MM7902_ 20120730_00175.jpg
  • The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland. Sheep are sometimes put in to graze amongst the stones, reflective of their origin during the time when the Neolithic people were learning agriculture.
    MM7902_ 20120802_01606.jpg